【树莓派5 测评】 + 12.UVC扩展功能测试（zmj）

赵美京₁₉⁸⁸⁸ · 发表于 2024-4-30 16:38:45

UVC的有很多好玩的地方，继续推一篇关于UVC的功能测试。

1. 借助lsusb检测UVC更多信息

以前没有着重留意“lsusb”的扩展功能，这次发现它的功能十分强大。

//------指令lsusb
//---基础功能：lsusb
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 1b3f:2008 Generalplus Technology Inc. Usb Audio Device
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0c45:6362 Microdia USB 2.0 Camera
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 1a40:0801 Terminus Technology Inc. USB 2.0 Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
//---检查接口设备速率：lsusb -t
/: Bus 04.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci-hcd/1p, 5000M
/: Bus 03.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci-hcd/2p, 480M
/: Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci-hcd/1p, 5000M
/: Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci-hcd/2p, 480M
|__ Port 2: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
|__ Port 1: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Video, Driver=uvcvideo, 480M
|__ Port 1: Dev 3, If 1, Class=Video, Driver=uvcvideo, 480M
|__ Port 3: Dev 4, If 2, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
|__ Port 3: Dev 4, If 0, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
|__ Port 3: Dev 4, If 3, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
//---查看更详细信息：lsusb -v -s 001:003
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0c45:6362 Microdia USB 2.0 Camera
Couldn't open device, some information will be missing
Device Descriptor:
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 2.00
bDeviceClass 239 Miscellaneous Device
bDeviceSubClass 2
bDeviceProtocol 1 Interface Association
bMaxPacketSize0 64
idVendor 0x0c45 Microdia
idProduct 0x6362
bcdDevice 0.00
iManufacturer 2 Sonix Technology Co., Ltd.
iProduct 1 USB 2.0 Camera
iSerial 0
bNumConfigurations 1
...
//------Log信息
zhaomeijing@raspberrypi5:~/workspace/09_uvc$ lsusb
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 1b3f:2008 Generalplus Technology Inc. Usb Audio Device
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0c45:6362 Microdia USB 2.0 Camera
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 1a40:0801 Terminus Technology Inc. USB 2.0 Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
zhaomeijing@raspberrypi5:~/workspace/09_uvc$ lsusb -h
Usage: lsusb [options]...
List USB devices
-v, --verbose
Increase verbosity (show descriptors)
-s [[bus]:][devnum]
Show only devices with specified device and/or
bus numbers (in decimal)
-d vendor:[product]
Show only devices with the specified vendor and
product ID numbers (in hexadecimal)
-D device
Selects which device lsusb will examine
-t, --tree
Dump the physical USB device hierarchy as a tree
-V, --version
Show version of program
-h, --help
Show usage and help
zhaomeijing@raspberrypi5:~/workspace/09_uvc$ lsusb -t
/: Bus 04.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci-hcd/1p, 5000M
/: Bus 03.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci-hcd/2p, 480M
/: Bus 02.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci-hcd/1p, 5000M
/: Bus 01.Port 1: Dev 1, Class=root_hub, Driver=xhci-hcd/2p, 480M
|__ Port 2: Dev 2, If 0, Class=Hub, Driver=hub/4p, 480M
|__ Port 1: Dev 3, If 0, Class=Video, Driver=uvcvideo, 480M
|__ Port 1: Dev 3, If 1, Class=Video, Driver=uvcvideo, 480M
|__ Port 3: Dev 4, If 2, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
|__ Port 3: Dev 4, If 0, Class=Audio, Driver=snd-usb-audio, 12M
|__ Port 3: Dev 4, If 3, Class=Human Interface Device, Driver=usbhid, 12M
zhaomeijing@raspberrypi5:~/workspace/09_uvc$ lsusb -v -s 001:003
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0c45:6362 Microdia USB 2.0 Camera
Couldn't open device, some information will be missing
Device Descriptor:
bLength 18
bDescriptorType 1
bcdUSB 2.00
bDeviceClass 239 Miscellaneous Device
bDeviceSubClass 2
bDeviceProtocol 1 Interface Association
bMaxPacketSize0 64
idVendor 0x0c45 Microdia
idProduct 0x6362
bcdDevice 0.00
iManufacturer 2 Sonix Technology Co., Ltd.
iProduct 1 USB 2.0 Camera
iSerial 0
bNumConfigurations 1
Interface Descriptor:
bLength 9
bDescriptorType 4
bInterfaceNumber 1
bAlternateSetting 6
bNumEndpoints 1
bInterfaceClass 14 Video
bInterfaceSubClass 2 Video Streaming
bInterfaceProtocol 0
iInterface 0
Endpoint Descriptor:
bLength 7
bDescriptorType 5
bEndpointAddress 0x81 EP 1 IN
bmAttributes 5
Transfer Type Isochronous
Synch Type Asynchronous
Usage Type Data
wMaxPacketSize 0x1400 3x 1024 bytes
bInterval 1
zhaomeijing@raspberrypi5:~/workspace/09_uvc$

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2. 借助OpenCV实现便捷的RGB与灰度转换

下面的代码可捕捉UVC生成的视频流，用BGR颜色和灰色模式展示。

//------测试指令
python3 ./uvc_gray.py
注：测试界面按“Q”退出，或者指令界面“Ctrl + C”退出。
//------Log信息
zhaomeijing@raspberrypi5:~/workspace/09_uvc$ python3 ./uvc_gray.py
[ WARN:0@1.217] global ./modules/videoio/src/cap_gstreamer.cpp (1405) open OpenCV | GStreamer warning: Cannot query video position: status=0, value=-1, duration=-1
zhaomeijing@raspberrypi5:~/workspace/09_uvc$
//------源码：OpenCV实现UVC灰度转换
import numpy as np
import cv2
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
cap.set(3,640) # set Width
cap.set(4,480) # set Height
while(True):
ret, frame = cap.read()
frame = cv2.flip(frame, -1) # Flip camera vertically
gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
cv2.imshow('frame', frame)
cv2.imshow('gray', gray)
k = cv2.waitKey(30) & 0xff
if k == 27: # press 'ESC' to quit
break
cap.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

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//------测试结果：

3. 人脸检测

人脸检测有多种方式实现，此处通过python实现。

//------测试指令
python3 ./face_detect.py
注：测试界面按“Q”退出，或者指令界面“Ctrl + C”退出。
//------源码
import cv2
# 导入人脸级联分类器，'.xml'文件里包含训练出来的人脸特征
#face_engine = cv2.CascadeClassifier('haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml')
face_engine = cv2.CascadeClassifier('/usr/share/opencv4/haarcascades/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml')
#/usr/share/opencv4/haarcascades/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml
# 导入人眼级联分类器，'.xml'文件里包含训练出来的人眼特征
eye_cascade = cv2.CascadeClassifier('/usr/share/opencv4/haarcascades/haarcascade_eye.xml')
#/usr/share/opencv4/haarcascades/haarcascade_eye.xml
# 调用摄像头（读取/ect中的驱动）；这里索引是0的原因是添加过驱动了；
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
while (True):
# 获取摄像头拍摄到的画面
# 会得到两个参数，一个是否捕捉到图像（True/False），另一个为存放每帧的图像
ret, frame = cap.read() # 读取一帧图像
# 每帧图像放大1.1倍，重复检测10次
faces = face_engine.detectMultiScale(frame, 1.1, 10) # 得到人脸，可能不止一个
img = frame # 复制
print(img)
for (x, y, w, h) in faces:
# 画出人脸框，蓝色，画笔宽度为2
img = cv2.rectangle(img, (x, y), (x + w, y + h), (255, 0, 0), 2)
# 框选出人脸区域，在人脸区域而不是全图中进行人眼检测，节省计算资源
face_area = img[y:y + h, x:x + w] # 人脸区域
eyes = eye_cascade.detectMultiScale(face_area, 1.1, 5)
# 用人眼级联分类器在人脸区域进行人眼识别，返回的eyes为眼睛坐标列表
for (ex, ey, ew, eh) in eyes:
# 画出人眼框，绿色，画笔宽度为1
cv2.rectangle(face_area, (ex, ey), (ex + ew, ey + eh), (0, 255, 0), 1)
# 实时展示效果画面
#cv2.imshow(''frame'', img)
cv2.imshow('frame', img)
# 每5毫秒监听一次键盘动作
if cv2.waitKey(5) & 0xFF == ord('q'): # 当按下“q”键时退出人脸检测
break
# 最后，关闭所有窗口
cap.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows() # 释放资源
//------Log信息
zhaomeijing@raspberrypi5:~/workspace/09_uvc$ python3 ./face_detect.py
Xlib: extension "DRI2" missing on display "localhost:11.0".
Xlib: extension "DRI2" missing on display "localhost:11.0".
[ WARN:0@3.464] global ./modules/videoio/src/cap_gstreamer.cpp (1405) open OpenCV | GStreamer warning: Cannot query video position: status=0, value=-1, duration=-1
[[[253 253 252]
[253 253 252]
[253 253 252]
...
[253 253 252]
[253 253 252]
[253 253 252]]
...
[[[253 253 252]
[253 253 252]
[253 253 252]
...
[249 255 231]
[248 255 220]
[205 225 174]]
[[ 76 90 70]
[ 80 90 73]
[ 86 93 80]
...
[ 46 50 45]
[ 46 48 43]
[ 44 46 41]]
[[ 80 93 75]
[ 78 90 75]
[ 83 92 79]
...
[ 46 50 45]
[ 44 49 47]
[ 42 47 46]]
[[ 82 92 75]
[ 82 91 77]
[ 78 88 80]
...
[ 44 51 44]
[ 42 47 45]
[ 42 47 46]]]
zhaomeijing@raspberrypi5:~/workspace/09_uvc$

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//------测试结果：

//------end

[评测分享] 【树莓派5 测评】 + 12.UVC扩展功能测试（zmj）

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