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C6X优化inline举例:
1、源程序:
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">for (i = LO_CHAN; i <= HI_CHAN; i++)</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">{</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> norm_shift = norm_l(st->ch_noise[i]);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp = L_shl(st->ch_noise[i], norm_shift);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> norm_shift1 = norm_l(st->ch_enrg[i]);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp3 = L_shl1(st->ch_enrg[i], norm_shift1 - 1);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = L_divide(Ltmp3, Ltmp);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = L_shr(Ltmp2, 27 - 1 + norm_shift1 - norm_shift); // * scaled as 27,4 *</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> if (Ltmp2 == 0)</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = 1;</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp1 = fnLog10(Ltmp2);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp3 = L_add(Ltmp1, LOG_OFFSET - 80807124); // * -round(log10(2^4)*2^26 *</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = L_mult(TEN_S5_10, extract_h(Ltmp3));</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> if (Ltmp2 < 0)</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = 0;</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> // * 0.1875 scaled as 10,21 *</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp1 = L_add(Ltmp2, CONST_0_1875_S10_21);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> // * tmp / 0.375 2.667 scaled as 5,10, Ltmp is scaled 15,16 *</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp = L_mult(extract_h(Ltmp1), CONST_2_667_S5_10);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> ch_snr[i] = extract_h(Ltmp);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">}</span>
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2、优化后程序:
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">//因循环体太大,拆成两个循环并把相应的函数内嵌以使程序能pipeline,</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">//用L_div_tmp[]保存因拆分而产生的中间变量。</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">for (i = LO_CHAN; i <= HI_CHAN; i++)</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">{</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> //norm_shift = norm_l(st->ch_noise[i]);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> norm_shift = _norm(st->ch_noise[i]);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp = _sshl(st->ch_noise[i], norm_shift);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> //norm_shift1 = norm_l(st->ch_enrg[i]); </span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> norm_shift1 = _norm(st->ch_enrg[i]);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> //Ltmp3 = L_shl1(st->ch_enrg[i], norm_shift1 - 1);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> LLtmp1 = st->ch_enrg[i];</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> LLtmp1 = LLtmp1 << (norm_shift1 + 7);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp3 = (Word32)(LLtmp1 >> 8);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = IL_divide(Ltmp3, Ltmp);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> //Ltmp2 = L_shr(Ltmp2, 27 - 1 + norm_shift1 - norm_shift); </span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = (Ltmp2 >> (27 - 1 + norm_shift1 - norm_shift));</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> if (Ltmp2 == 0)</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = 1;</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> L_div_tmp[i] = Ltmp2;</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">}</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">for (i = LO_CHAN; i <= HI_CHAN; i++)</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">{</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = L_div_tmp[i];</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp1 = IfnLog10(Ltmp2);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> //Ltmp3 = L_add(Ltmp1, LOG_OFFSET - 80807124); </span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp3 = _sadd(Ltmp1, LOG_OFFSET - 80807124);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> //Ltmp2 = L_mult(TEN_S5_10, extract_h(Ltmp3));</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = _smpy(TEN_S5_10, (Ltmp3 >> 16));</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> if (Ltmp2 < 0)</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp2 = 0;</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp1 = _sadd(Ltmp2, CONST_0_1875_S10_21);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> //Ltmp = L_mult(extract_h(Ltmp1), CONST_2_667_S5_10);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> Ltmp = _smpy((Ltmp1 >> 16), CONST_2_667_S5_10);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> //ch_snr[i] = extract_h(Ltmp);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"=""> ch_snr[i] = (Ltmp >> 16);</span>
- <span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: " microsoft="" yahei";"="">}</span>
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3、优化说明
观察上面这个循环,循环体本身比较大,且含有两个函数L_divide()和fnLog10(),而C62内部只有32个寄存器,且有些寄存器是系统用的,如B14、B15这样循环体太大将会导致寄存器不够分配,从而导致系统编译器无法实现循环的pipeline。
为了实现循环的pipeline。我们需要把循环体进行拆分,拆分时要考虑以下几点:
(1)拆分成几个循环比较合适?在各个循环能pipeline的前提下,拆开的循环个数越少越好。这就要求尽可能让各个循环的运算量接近。
(2)考虑在什么地方把程序拆开比较合适?循环体里的数据流往往并不是单一的,在拆开的断点处势必要用中间变量保存上次的循环运算结果,供以后的循环用。适当的拆开循环体,使所需的中间变量越少越好。
(3)循环体中的函数调用必须定义成内嵌形式,含有函数调用的循环系统是无法使之pipeline的;各个循环体中的判断分支机构不可太多,否则系统也无法使之pipeline,为此应近可能把可以确定下来的分支确定下来,并尽可能用内嵌指令。
针对上面这个例子,考虑:
(1)为让各个循环的运算量大致相当,应把L_divide()和fnLog10()分到两个循环中去,从循环体大小上考虑,估计拆成两个循环比较合适。
(2)考虑在什么地方把程序拆开比较合适?在if (Ltmp2 == 0) Ltmp2 = 1;后拆开,因为后面用到的数据只有Ltmp2,故只需用一个数组保存每次循环的Ltmp2值即可。
(3)循环体中的两处函数调用L_divide()和fnLog10()都定义了其内嵌形式,IL_divid()和IfnLog10()。当把可以确定下来的分支作确定处理,并尽可能用内嵌指令后,该循环体中所剩的分支结构已很少,循环体可以pipeline。
优化前程序用2676 cycle,优化后用400 cycle。优化后两个子循环的MII分别为14和6cycle。
内存地址形式: 奔腾,C6000都是32位计算机,字长32,但内存地址都是按字节组织的 一个字4字节(查看内存时候各个字
时候:例如两个连续字ox1000 ox1004) 写汇编程序时候,下一个字也需要+4,但写 C语言时候,int 型,+1就是加4但是,在Tiger SHARC中,虽然也是32位机,但内存是地址是按字组织的,查看内存时,连续的字地址相差1
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