EPON+EoC场景下的端到端VLAN规划

金钱猫科技

 
三网融合业务场景下，用户的上网业务、IPTV业务和VoIP业务等各种业务对网络的要求各不相同。为了便于QoS和安全策略的部署，必须在接入网将业务进行区分。在EPON+EoC组建的二层广电接入网下，通常可以通过如下几种方式来做VLAN规划：
（1）PSPV
PSPV即每业务每VLAN，主要有以下特点：同一EPON OLT端口下的所有用户的同一业务在同一VLAN内；需要在用户侧部署可划分VLAN的家庭网关（如使用双端口EoC终端或者支持VLAN的STB）。对局端交换机而言，PSPV使得用户业务分别属于不同的VLAN，包括上网VLAN、VoIP VLAN、VoD VLAN和BTV VLAN(组播VLAN，对于采用纯IP组网的NGB接入网，直播的IP视频典型通过组播技术实现)。这种VLAN划分方式简单明了，占用VLAN资源少，但由于同一业务不同用户都划分到同一个VLAN中，因此无法识别用户信息，实际意义不大。
（2）PUPSPV
PUPSPV即每用户每业务一个VLAN，主要特点如下：每个用户的每种业务一个VLAN（BTV业务除外，所有BTV业务共用组播VLAN）；需要在用户侧部署可划分VLAN的家庭网关；EPON OLT或汇聚交换机启动基于VLAN灵活QinQ进行业务分类。适用于各层设备支持足够数量VLAN, 采用BRAS做IPTV业务终结情况的网络。
PUPSPV对于同一业务的不同用户通过VLAN进行细分。PUPSPV的最大好处在于可以通过VLAN精确识别用户。对于需要精细化计费的业务（如上网业务）可以通过标识用户物理位置避免资费流失。这种VLAN划分方式对于网络要求相对较高。
（3）混合组网
混合组网是PSPV和PUPSPV的综合，主要特点如下：Internet业务PUPSPV，IPTV/VoD和VoIP业务PSPV；需要在用户侧部署可划分VLAN的家庭网关；EPON OLT或汇聚交换机启动基于VLAN的灵活QinQ进行业务分类，适用于SR做IPTV业务终结情况（双边缘）。
混合组网对于需要精细计费的上网业务采用PUPSPV，而对于目前采用包月计费的IPTV/VoD等业务采用PSPV方式。在运营商规模开展IPTV/VoD业务时推荐采用这种VLAN划分方式。
（4）PUPV
PUPV即每用户一个VLAN，主要特点是：多类业务共用一个用户VLAN；用户侧无需部署家庭网关；汇聚端局启动基于流的灵活QinQ打不同外层标签，例如PC采用PPPoE、STB采用IPoE，这些终端都通过一个VLAN上行，可以根据PPPoE和IPoE报文不同的协议号作为QinQ的分流依据；又如根据报文的目的IP地址分流：对于相同源IP地址，相同报文封装的不同的业务应用报文，比如PC上的SoftPhone产生的报文，需要根据报文的目的IP地址实施灵活QinQ进行业务分流。适用于用户侧无法部署家庭网关组网。
以上方案中，无论采用PUPSPV或者混合组网方式，在用户侧都需要实现对不同业务的VLAN隔离，一般是通过在用户侧部署家庭网关（Home Gateway）设备实现的。在EPON+EoC场景下，典型地是通过多端口EoC来实现宽带和VOD业务同时接入。此时要求家庭的EoC终端应支持VLAN，以实现业务的隔离。
鉴于广电丰富的同轴电缆资源，福建金钱猫电子科技有限公司建议采用EPON+EOC的组网方案，这种技术方案充分利用广电现有资源，投资少，改造简单，见效快，并完全可以满足用户的各种需求。我公司的EOC设备完全支持以上四种业务VLAN的划分，满足广电运营商开展多业务运营的要求，实现业务精细化管理。也为广电运营商的管理，提供了多种模式的选择。

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